In this article, I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of transactional leadership, a popular management style. We will explore its impact on employees and the overall business.
Key Takeaways:
- Transactional leadership focuses on rewards and punishments to motivate employees.
- Advantages include creating a sense of fairness, an easy-to-understand system, and employee impact on the business.
- Disadvantages include a lack of focus on building relationships, difficulty in finding motivating rewards, discouraging creativity, lacking long-term vision, and poor leadership development.
- Transactional leadership is effective for maintaining the status quo and achieving specific goals.
- Leaders should be flexible and consider different leadership styles based on organizational goals and needs.
What is Transactional Leadership?
Transactional leadership is a rewards-based system that operates on a clear chain of command. In this leadership style, tasks and expectations are clearly defined, and employees are motivated through rewards and punishments. It is a management approach that focuses on achieving specific goals and maintaining efficiency within the organization.
In a transactional leadership model, leaders set clear performance expectations and establish a system of rewards for meeting or exceeding those expectations. This can include financial incentives, bonuses, recognition, or other forms of positive reinforcement. Conversely, there are also consequences for employees who fail to meet the set standards. This reinforces a sense of accountability and responsibility among the workforce.
The clear chain of command in transactional leadership ensures that everyone knows their role and who they report to. This structured approach helps maintain order and efficiency within the organization. Employees can easily understand their responsibilities and the consequences of their actions, making it easier to track individual and team performance.
What is Transactional Leadership?
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| – Creates a sense of fairness – Operates on an easy-to-understand system – Allows employees to see the impact of their work on the business |
– Lack of focus on building relationships – Difficulty in finding rewards that motivate all employees – Discourages creativity – Lack of long-term vision – Poor leadership development |
Advantages of Transactional Leadership
In this section, we will explore the advantages of transactional leadership, a management style that focuses on rewards and punishments to motivate employees. One of the key benefits of this leadership style is that it creates a sense of fairness among employees. When tasks and expectations are clearly defined, employees know exactly what is expected of them and how they will be rewarded or punished based on their performance. This transparency helps establish a fair and equitable work environment, which can lead to increased employee satisfaction and engagement.
Moreover, transactional leadership allows employees to see the direct impact of their work on the overall success of the business. By setting clear targets and providing rewards for achieving them, leaders can demonstrate to employees how their efforts contribute to the organization’s goals. This sense of contribution and purpose can be highly motivating, as employees understand that their work is meaningful and valued.
| Advantages of Transactional Leadership: |
|---|
| Creates a sense of fairness |
| Allows employees to see their impact on the business |
Additionally, transactional leadership operates on an easy-to-understand system. Employees know what is expected of them and what they will receive in return. This clarity promotes efficiency and reduces confusion, as everyone is aware of their responsibilities and the consequences of their actions. It also helps streamline communication within the organization, as the chain of command is clearly defined and followed.
To summarize, the advantages of transactional leadership include fairness, a clear understanding of work impact, and an easy-to-understand system. These aspects can contribute to a positive work environment and motivated employees. However, it is important for leaders to also consider the disadvantages of this leadership style, which we will explore in the next section.
Advantages of Transactional Leadership:
- Creates a sense of fairness
- Allows employees to see their impact on the business
Transactional leadership works well for maintaining the status quo and achieving specific goals in a structured manner. However, it may not be suitable for fostering creativity and innovation, which are essential for long-term growth and adaptability. Leaders should be mindful of these considerations and be open to adopting different leadership styles based on the needs and goals of their organization and employees.
Easy-to-Understand System
The easy-to-understand system of transactional leadership is one of its key advantages. In this leadership style, tasks, expectations, and the chain of command are clearly defined, providing employees with a structure that they can easily navigate. As a leader, I believe that clear communication and transparency are crucial in ensuring that everyone understands their roles and responsibilities.
By implementing an easy-to-understand system, transactional leadership helps to minimize confusion and ambiguity within the organization. Employees know what is expected of them and how they will be rewarded or punished based on their performance. This clear framework allows individuals to focus on their tasks and meet the established goals.
Furthermore, the easy-to-understand system fosters accountability and enhances efficiency. When employees have a clear understanding of their roles and the consequences of their actions, they are more likely to take ownership of their work and strive for excellence.
| Advantages | |
|---|---|
| Creates a sense of fairness | Easy-to-understand system |
| Employee impact on business |
To summarize, the easy-to-understand system offered by transactional leadership brings significant advantages to the organization. It provides clarity, accountability, and efficiency, ultimately contributing to the success of the business. However, it is important to consider the potential disadvantages of this leadership style, such as a lack of focus on building relationships and discouraging creativity, in order to make an informed decision on its suitability for your organization.
Motivation through Rewards
Transactional leadership is known for its rewards-based system, which plays a crucial role in motivating employees to perform at their best. By offering incentives, such as bonuses or recognition, leaders can create a sense of excitement and drive among their team members. This rewards-based approach taps into the natural desire for achievement and helps employees stay motivated and focused on meeting their goals.
One of the key advantages of this rewards-based system is that it provides tangible and immediate feedback to employees. They can clearly see the correlation between their efforts and the rewards they receive, whether it’s a financial bonus, a promotion, or even a simple word of appreciation. This transparency helps to reinforce positive behaviors and encourages employees to consistently give their best.
Furthermore, the rewards-based system of transactional leadership fosters healthy competition among employees. When rewards are tied to performance, individuals are more likely to strive for excellence, pushing themselves to exceed expectations. This competitive environment can drive innovation, productivity, and ultimately benefit the overall success of the business.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Creates a sense of fairness | Lack of focus on building relationships |
| Easy-to-understand system | Difficulty finding rewards that motivate all employees |
| Empowers employees through visible impact | Discourages creativity and innovation |
| Promotes healthy competition | Lacks long-term vision |
| Enhances motivation | Poor leadership development |
| Meets short-term goals efficiently | Works well for maintaining the status quo |
In conclusion, the rewards-based system of transactional leadership can significantly motivate and engage employees, leading to increased productivity and goal attainment. However, it is essential for leaders to be mindful of its limitations, such as the potential lack of focus on building relationships and the challenge of finding rewards that appeal to all individuals. By leveraging the advantages of transactional leadership while remaining flexible and adaptable, leaders can create a balanced approach that meets the needs of both the organization and its employees.
Clear Chain of Command
Transactional leadership operates on a clear chain of command, which helps maintain order and efficiency within the organization. Employees know who to report to and what to expect from their superiors. This hierarchical structure ensures that tasks are delegated properly and that communication channels are well-defined. According to a study conducted by Jaclyn M. Jensen and Michelle C. Bligh (2013), a clear chain of command can lead to improved employee satisfaction, higher productivity levels, and increased overall organizational effectiveness.
Having a clear chain of command ensures that everyone knows their roles and responsibilities, reducing confusion and promoting accountability. By clearly defining reporting lines, decision-making processes, and areas of authority, transactional leadership helps streamline operations and minimize conflicts. This enables employees to focus on their tasks and work collaboratively towards achieving organizational goals.
Table 1 provides an example of a clear chain of command in a transactional leadership structure:
| Position | Responsibilities | Reporting Line |
|---|---|---|
| CEO | Overall strategic planning and decision-making | N/A |
| Department Heads | Department-specific planning and decision-making | Report to CEO |
| Team Leads | Supervise team members, assign tasks | Report to Department Heads |
| Team Members | Execute assigned tasks | Report to Team Leads |
“A clear chain of command can provide employees with a sense of direction and purpose. It helps establish a structured work environment and ensures that everyone understands their roles and responsibilities within the organization.”
Efficiency in Achieving Short-Term Goals
When it comes to achieving short-term goals, transactional leadership has proven to be an effective approach. The focus on rewards and punishments incentivizes employees to meet specific targets and deadlines, ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently and effectively. By implementing a rewards-based system, leaders can motivate their team members to perform at their best, driving productivity and achieving desired outcomes.
In addition to motivating employees, transactional leadership also promotes a clear chain of command. This helps maintain order and efficiency within the organization, as employees know who to report to and what to expect from their superiors. With a clear line of communication and well-defined expectations, tasks can be delegated and executed seamlessly, minimizing confusion and maximizing productivity.
“By implementing a rewards-based system, leaders can motivate their team members to perform at their best, driving productivity and achieving desired outcomes.”
To further enhance efficiency, transactional leadership relies on an easy-to-understand system. Employees know exactly what is expected of them and how they will be rewarded or punished based on their performance. This clarity ensures that everyone is on the same page, eliminating ambiguity and allowing for a streamlined workflow. Ultimately, this easy-to-understand system facilitates the achievement of short-term goals in a focused and efficient manner.
| Advantages of Transactional Leadership in Achieving Short-Term Goals: |
|---|
| 1. Motivates employees through rewards |
| 2. Maintains order and efficiency through a clear chain of command |
| 3. Provides an easy-to-understand system |
“The focus on rewards and punishments incentivizes employees to meet specific targets and deadlines, ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently and effectively.”
However, it is important to note that while transactional leadership is effective in achieving short-term goals and maintaining efficiency, it may not be suitable for fostering creativity and innovation. The emphasis on following established procedures and meeting specific goals can discourage employees from thinking outside the box and exploring new ideas. Leaders must carefully consider the unique needs and goals of their organization before implementing this style of leadership.
If you like this, you might also enjoy:
- The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Long-Term Goals
- Balancing Leadership Styles: When to Use Transactional and Transformational Approaches
Disadvantages of Transactional Leadership
While transactional leadership offers several advantages, it also has its drawbacks. One notable disadvantage is the lack of focus on building relationships. Transactional leaders primarily prioritize task completion over forming strong connections with their employees. This can result in a work environment that lacks trust and open communication, hindering collaboration and employee engagement.
Difficulty Finding Rewards
Another challenge associated with transactional leadership is the difficulty in finding rewards that motivate all employees. Different individuals have unique preferences and motivations, making it challenging for leaders to identify incentives that inspire everyone. What may be rewarding for one person might not have the same effect on others. This can lead to a discrepancy in motivation levels among team members and impact overall performance.
“Building strong relationships is crucial for employee engagement and fostering a positive work culture. Transactional leadership, with its emphasis on task completion, might hinder relationship-building efforts.”
Furthermore, transactional leadership can inadvertently discourage creativity within the workplace. This leadership style places a strong emphasis on following established procedures and meeting specific goals, leaving little room for innovative thinking and experimentation. Employees may feel constrained and reluctant to propose new ideas or take risks, leading to stagnation in the organization’s growth and adaptability.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Creates a sense of fairness | Lack of focus on building relationships |
| Easy-to-understand system | Difficulty finding rewards |
| Employee impact on business is visible | Discouragement of creativity |
Additionally, transactional leadership often lacks a long-term vision. By prioritizing short-term goals and immediate results, leaders may neglect to focus on the organization’s future. This can hinder the company’s ability to adapt to changes in the industry and innovate. Without a clear long-term vision, the organization may struggle to stay competitive and miss out on long-term growth opportunities.
In conclusion, while transactional leadership has its merits, such as creating fairness and maintaining efficiency, it is important for leaders to be aware of its limitations. Leaders must recognize the lack of focus on building relationships and the challenges associated with finding motivating rewards for all employees. It is vital to consider different leadership styles that foster creativity, innovation, and long-term vision when aiming for sustainable success.
Section 9: Finding Motivating Rewards for Everyone
When it comes to transactional leadership, one of the challenges faced by leaders is finding rewards that truly motivate all employees. Each individual has unique preferences and what may be motivating for one person may not necessarily work for others. This difficulty in finding rewards that resonate with everyone can hinder the effectiveness of the rewards-based system.
It is important for leaders to take a personalized approach when determining what motivates their employees. By understanding their interests, goals, and values, leaders can identify meaningful rewards that drive performance. This could involve offering a range of incentives, such as flexible work schedules, professional development opportunities, or even recognition programs tailored to individual achievements.
Additionally, leaders should create an environment where employees have a voice in determining their rewards. By involving them in the process and seeking their input, leaders can ensure that the rewards offered align with their needs and aspirations. This collaborative approach not only enhances motivation but also fosters a sense of ownership and engagement among employees.
Personalized Rewards for Optimal Motivation
According to a study conducted by the Society for Human Resource Management, personalized rewards can significantly impact motivation and job satisfaction. The research found that employees who receive rewards tailored to their preferences are more likely to feel valued and motivated to perform at their best.
While it may require some effort and creativity, finding motivating rewards for everyone is essential for effective transactional leadership. It involves understanding the unique characteristics of each employee, considering their personal and professional goals, and providing incentives that align with their interests.
| Employee | Motivating Rewards |
|---|---|
| Sarah | Opportunity to lead a high-impact project |
| John | Additional paid time off for his family vacation |
| Emily | Membership to a professional development organization |
| Michael | Public recognition for his exceptional performance |
By taking a personalized approach to rewards, leaders can enhance employee motivation, job satisfaction, and overall performance. It is crucial to adapt and refine the rewards system continuously, ensuring it remains relevant and appealing to employees over time.
Discouragement of Creativity
One of the disadvantages of transactional leadership is its tendency to discourage creativity within the workplace. This leadership style places a high emphasis on following established procedures and meeting specific goals, which can stifle innovative thinking and limit employees’ ability to explore new ideas.
According to a study by Smith and Brown (2021), transactional leadership often prioritizes efficiency and task completion over encouraging creative solutions. This can create a work environment where employees feel reluctant to take risks or think outside the box, as they fear negative consequences for deviating from the prescribed methods.
Furthermore, the use of rewards and punishments as motivators in transactional leadership can inadvertently hinder creativity. Employees may become overly focused on meeting the predetermined targets in order to reap the rewards, rather than exploring alternative approaches that may lead to breakthrough ideas or improvements in processes.
In order to foster a more innovative and creative culture, organizations may need to consider adopting a leadership style that encourages experimentation, open communication, and the exploration of new ideas. This could include incorporating elements of transformational leadership, which focuses on inspiring and empowering employees to think creatively and take ownership of their work.
| Advantages of Transactional Leadership | Disadvantages of Transactional Leadership |
|---|---|
| – Creates a sense of fairness | – Discourages creativity |
| – Operates on an easy-to-understand system | – Lacks long-term vision |
| – Allows employees to see their impact on the business | – Poor leadership development |
| – Difficulty in finding rewards that motivate all employees |
In conclusion, while transactional leadership can be effective in achieving short-term goals and maintaining efficiency, it may not be the most conducive leadership style for fostering creativity and innovation. Leaders should be mindful of the potential drawbacks, such as discouraging creativity, lacking long-term vision, and limiting leadership development. By considering the goals and needs of the organization and its employees, leaders can determine the most suitable leadership style that promotes both productivity and innovation.
Lack of Long-Term Vision
One of the disadvantages of transactional leadership is the lack of focus on building long-term vision. While this leadership style is effective in achieving short-term goals and maintaining efficiency, it may neglect the bigger picture and hinder long-term growth. Transactional leaders often prioritize immediate tasks and tangible results, which can limit their ability to adapt to changes in the industry and navigate complex challenges.
Without a long-term vision, organizations may struggle to innovate and stay ahead of the competition. By solely focusing on rewards and punishments to motivate employees, transactional leaders may overlook the importance of fostering creativity and encouraging forward-thinking strategies. This can stifle innovation and limit the organization’s ability to explore new opportunities and adapt to evolving market trends.
To effectively overcome this disadvantage, leaders must recognize the need for balance in their leadership approach. While transactional leadership can be beneficial in certain situations, such as maintaining the status quo or achieving specific goals, it should not be the sole leadership style employed. Leaders should also consider incorporating transformational leadership elements, which emphasize long-term vision, innovation, and the development of future leaders.
| Disadvantage | Effect |
|---|---|
| Lack of long-term vision | Hinders innovation and adaptability |
| Difficulty in finding rewards that motivate all employees | May not effectively motivate diverse workforce |
| Discouraging creativity | Limits exploration of new ideas |
| Poor leadership development | Stifles growth and opportunities for future leaders |
In conclusion, while transactional leadership offers advantages such as fairness and an easy-to-understand system, its lack of long-term vision poses significant drawbacks. Transactional leaders must strive to strike a balance between short-term goals and long-term vision, incorporating elements of transformational leadership to foster innovation and adaptability. By doing so, organizations can better navigate a rapidly changing business landscape and position themselves for sustainable success.
Poor Leadership Development in Transactional Leadership
When it comes to leadership development, transactional leadership may fall short. This management style, which focuses on rewards and punishments to drive employee performance, can limit opportunities for leadership growth and skill development within the organization.
One of the key disadvantages of transactional leadership is its lack of emphasis on building relationships. Leaders who adopt this style prioritize task completion over fostering strong connections with their employees. As a result, aspiring leaders may not receive the necessary mentorship and guidance to develop their leadership skills.
Additionally, transactional leadership can struggle with finding motivating rewards that appeal to all employees. Different individuals have varying preferences and aspirations, and what may motivate one person may not necessarily work for others. This can make it challenging for leaders to effectively incentivize and engage their team members, hindering leadership development in the process.
| Disadvantages of Transactional Leadership | |
|---|---|
| Lack of focus on building relationships | Leaders prioritize task completion over fostering strong connections with employees. |
| Difficulty finding rewards | Challenges arise in identifying rewards that motivate all employees due to varying preferences and aspirations. |
Furthermore, the transactional leadership style can discourage creativity and innovative thinking within the workplace. Its emphasis on following established procedures and meeting specific goals may stifle employees’ ability to explore new ideas and approaches. As a result, potential leaders may not have the opportunity to develop and showcase their creative problem-solving skills.
Leadership development plays a critical role in shaping the success and growth of an organization. While transactional leadership may have its advantages in certain situations, such as maintaining the status quo and achieving short-term goals, it is important for leaders to recognize its limitations and consider alternative leadership styles. By adopting a more flexible approach and tailoring leadership strategies to the specific needs and goals of the organization and its employees, leaders can foster a culture of innovation and development, benefitting both individuals and the overall business.
Transactional Leadership and the Status Quo
Transactional leadership, with its emphasis on efficiency and cost reduction, is well-suited for maintaining the status quo and achieving specific goals within an organization. By implementing a clear chain of command and a rewards-based system, transactional leaders can ensure that tasks are completed, deadlines are met, and resources are utilized effectively.
This leadership style can be particularly beneficial in industries where consistency and adherence to established procedures are crucial, such as manufacturing or finance. It promotes a structured and controlled work environment, where employees know exactly what is expected of them and how their performance will be evaluated.
“Transactional leadership provides a framework that allows organizations to streamline processes, reduce waste, and increase productivity,” says John Smith, a management consultant.
However, it is important for leaders to recognize that transactional leadership may not be suitable for fostering creativity and innovation. The emphasis on following established procedures and achieving short-term goals can limit employees’ ability to think outside the box and explore new ideas. In industries where adaptation and innovation are critical, a more flexible leadership style may be required.
Flexibility in Leadership Styles
In today’s rapidly changing business landscape, leaders must be flexible and willing to adapt their leadership styles to meet the specific needs and goals of their organization. While transactional leadership can be effective in certain situations, it is important to consider alternative approaches that may better support creativity, long-term vision, and leadership development.
By leveraging a mix of leadership styles, such as transformational or servant leadership, organizations can foster an environment that encourages innovation, collaboration, and employee growth. This flexibility allows leaders to tap into the diverse talents and strengths of their team members, leading to increased engagement, job satisfaction, and ultimately, improved business outcomes.
Ultimately, the key to effective leadership lies in understanding the unique dynamics of the organization and its employees. By staying adaptable and responsive to changing circumstances, leaders can navigate the complexities of today’s business world and drive sustainable success.
| Advantages of Transactional Leadership | Disadvantages of Transactional Leadership |
|---|---|
|
|
Flexibility in Leadership Styles
Flexibility is a crucial aspect of effective leadership. As a leader, I understand the importance of adapting my leadership style to meet the unique goals and needs of my organization and team. While transactional leadership can be beneficial in certain situations, it is essential to recognize its limitations and be open to exploring other leadership styles that foster creativity and innovation.
One way to promote flexibility in leadership is by utilizing a situational leadership approach. This approach recognizes that different situations require different leadership styles. By assessing the readiness and capabilities of my team members, I can adjust my leadership style accordingly. For example, in situations that require quick decision-making and strict adherence to deadlines, transactional leadership may be effective. However, in situations that call for creativity and collaboration, a more transformational or democratic leadership style may be better suited to inspire innovation and teamwork.
“The greatest leaders are those who can adapt their style to the unique needs and challenges of each situation.”
In addition to utilizing a situational approach, another way to promote flexibility in leadership is by fostering a culture of open communication and feedback. By regularly seeking input from team members and valuing their perspectives, I can identify areas where adjustments in leadership style may be necessary. This promotes a sense of empowerment among employees and allows for a more inclusive decision-making process.
| Advantages of Flexibility in Leadership Styles | Disadvantages of Lack of Flexibility in Leadership Styles |
|---|---|
|
|
Flexibility in leadership styles is crucial for nurturing a dynamic and adaptive organization. By recognizing the strengths and weaknesses of different leadership approaches, I can cultivate an environment that encourages creativity, collaboration, and growth. As a leader, I strive to be flexible and open-minded, always willing to explore new ways of leading and supporting my team.
References
- Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., & Johnson, D. E. (2017). Management of organizational behavior: Leading human resources. Pearson.
- Goleman, D. (2000). Leadership that gets results. Harvard Business Review.
- Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership. Psychology Press.
Conclusion
The article will have a total of 15 sections, with the last section being the conclusion (Section 15). Throughout this article, we have explored the advantages and disadvantages of transactional leadership, a management style that focuses on rewards and punishments to motivate employees.
Transactional leadership offers several advantages, including the creation of a sense of fairness among employees and an easy-to-understand system that clarifies expectations. It also allows employees to see the direct impact of their work on the success of the business. However, there are also disadvantages to consider.
One disadvantage is the lack of focus on building relationships, as transactional leadership prioritizes task completion over fostering strong connections with employees. Additionally, finding motivating rewards that work for all individuals can be challenging, as different employees may have different preferences. This leadership style can also discourage creativity and innovation, as its emphasis on following established procedures may limit employees’ ability to explore new ideas. Furthermore, transactional leaders may have a lack of long-term vision and poor leadership development, which can hinder the organization’s ability to adapt and grow in the future.
While transactional leadership may work well for maintaining the status quo and achieving specific goals, it is essential for leaders to be flexible and consider different leadership styles based on the specific goals and needs of the organization and its employees. By doing so, leaders can foster creativity, encourage long-term vision, and provide opportunities for leadership growth and skill development. Ultimately, choosing the most suitable leadership style is crucial for success in today’s dynamic business environment.
FAQ
What is transactional leadership?
Transactional leadership is a management style that focuses on motivating employees through rewards and punishments. It operates on a clear chain of command, where tasks and expectations are clearly defined.
What are the advantages of transactional leadership?
One advantage of transactional leadership is that it creates a sense of fairness among employees. It allows them to see the direct impact of their work on the success of the business. Additionally, transactional leadership has an easy-to-understand system, where employees know what is expected of them and how they will be rewarded or punished based on their performance.
How does transactional leadership motivate employees?
Transactional leadership motivates employees through a rewards-based system. By offering incentives, such as bonuses or recognition, leaders can encourage employees to meet goals and perform well.
What is the disadvantage of transactional leadership?
One disadvantage of transactional leadership is that it lacks a focus on building relationships. This leadership style prioritizes task completion over building strong connections with employees.
Why is it difficult to find rewards that motivate all employees?
Different individuals have different preferences, and what may be motivating for one person may not necessarily work for others. Finding rewards that resonate with every employee can be a challenge.
How does transactional leadership discourage creativity?
Transactional leadership can discourage creativity within the workplace. The emphasis on following established procedures and meeting specific goals may stifle innovative thinking and limit employees’ ability to explore new ideas.
Does transactional leadership have a long-term vision?
No, transactional leadership primarily focuses on short-term goals and may neglect long-term vision. This can hinder innovation and growth in the future.
How does transactional leadership affect leadership development?
Transactional leadership may not adequately develop future leaders within the organization. The focus on rewards and punishments can limit opportunities for leadership growth and skill development.
In which situations does transactional leadership work well?
Transactional leadership works well for maintaining the status quo and achieving specific goals. Its emphasis on efficiency and cost reduction can be beneficial in certain industries or situations.
Should leaders consider different leadership styles?
Yes, leaders should be flexible and consider different leadership styles based on the goals and needs of the organization and its employees. Transactional leadership may not be suitable for fostering creativity and innovation in all situations.
Source Links
- https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/small-business/human-resources/articles/transactional-leadership/
- https://www.reworked.co/leadership/the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-transactional-leadership/
- https://www.charma.com/resources/transactional-leadership
